Marina Artha

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• Marine Radar
  Radar of the type used on ships, can be employed to image ocean waves, to determine their directional spectrum, and also to determine ocean currents by their propagation speed.
• Gyro Compass
  A gyrocompass is similar to a gyroscope. It is a compass that finds true north by using an (electrically powered) fast-spinning wheel and friction forces in order to exploit the rotation of the Earth. Gyrocompasses are widely used on ships. They have two main advantages over magnetic compasses:
  * they find true north, i.e., the direction of Earth's rotational axis, as opposed to magnetic north,
  * they are far less susceptible to external magnetic fields, e.g. those created by ferrous metal in a ship's hull.
• Auto Pilot
  A device used to steer a boat automatically, usually electrical, hydraulic or mechanical in nature. A similar mechanism called self steering gear may also be used on a sailing vessel.
  Other definisitons:
  an electronic device, often combined with GPS and fishfinders, that steers a course you set beforehand and acts as the pilot of your boat. It is used mostly for fishing help or when short-handed.
• Inmarsat
  Inmarsat acronym is International Marine Satellite. Inmarsat is an international telecommunications company originally operating as an intergovernmental organization. It provides telephony and data services to users worldwide, via special terminals which communicate to ground stations through twelve geosynchronous telecommunications satellites. Inmarsat's network provides reliable communications services to a range of governments, aid agencies, media outlets and businesses with a need to communicate in remote regions or where there is no reliable terrestrial network.
• Marine Radio
  Marine VHF radio is installed on all large ships and most motorized small craft. It is used for a wide variety of purposes, including summoning rescue services and communicating with harbours and marinas, and operates in the VHF frequency range, between 156 to 174 MHz. Although it is widely used for collision avoidance, its use for this purpose is contentious and is strongly discouraged by some countries, including the UK.
• Weather Fax
  Weatherfax is a portmanteau word from the words "weather facsimile". The term was coined after the technology that allows the transmission and reception of weather charts (surface analysis, forecasts, and others) from a transmission site (usually the meteorological office) to a remote site (where the actual users are).
• Speed Log
  A marine speed log for providing an indication of the relative velocity of a vessel through water and an indication of the forward or reverse direction of travel. An output indication of total distance travelled can also be provided. The speed log is operable in both salt and fresh water without any change in calibration and incorporates a transducer having an air core. The speed log provides high sensitivity and high rejection of noise.
• Echo Sounder
  Echo sounder an older instrumentation system for indirectly determining ocean floor depth. Echo sounding is based on the principle that water is an excellent medium for the transmission of sound waves and that a sound pulse will bounce off a reflecting layer, returning to its source as an echo. The time interval between the initiation of a sound pulse and echo returned from the bottom can be used to determine the depth of the bottom. An echo-sounding system consists of a transmitter, a receiver that picks up the reflected echo, electronic timing and amplification equipment, and an indicator or graphic recorder. The first patent for an echo-sounding device was granted in 1907. The Fathometer, a registered trademark often loosely applied to all depth-sounding gear, was developed (1914) as a result of research by the Canadian engineer R. A. Fessenden in the application of echo-sounding principles to iceberg detection. Application of echo-sounding principles to submarine detection during World War II resulted in the development of equipment to sound all ocean depths. In 1954 an advanced, highly accurate echo sounder called the precision depth recorder (PDR) was developed. By the early 1960s, the U.S. Navy used the new technique of Sonar Array Survey System (SASS). The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration has recently used an unclassified version of SASS, Sea Beam, to map more detailed representations of the seafloor. Sea Beam employs an array of sound transducers across the hull of the survey vessel which radiate sound in a swathe, thereby allowing a wide region of the seafloor to be mapped. This type of swathe-mapping technology is now the norm for seafloor mapping. Another sonar instrument called SeaMARC uses a torpedo-shaped "fish" to measure the strength of sound signals, rather than the elapsed time of the returning signals, and covers larger areas of the ocean floor.
• Navtex
  NAVTEX is a system for the broadcast and automatic reception of maritime safety information by means of a narrow-band direct-printing telegraphy. NAVTEX provides shipping with navigational and meteorological warnings and urgent information through automatic printouts from a dedicated receiver.
• EPIRB
  Emergency Position-Indicating Radio Beacon (EPIRB)
• SART
  Search and Rescue Transponder
• AIS
  Shipboard Global Maritime Distress Safety System (GMDSS) installations include one or more search and rescue locating devices. These devices may be either an AIS-SART (from 1.january 2010) (AIS Search and Rescue Transmitter), or a radar-SART (Search and Rescue Transponder). The AIS-SART is used to locate a survival craft or distressed vessel by sending updated position reports using a standard AIS class A position report. The position and time synchronization of the AIS-SART is derived from a built in GNSS receiver.
  The AIS-SART derives position and time synchronization from a built in GNSS receiver and transmits its position with an update rate of 1 minute. Every minute the position is sent as a series of [8] equal position reports, this is to maintain a high probability that at least one of the position reports is sent on the highest point of a wave.
  SARTs are typically cylindrical, and brightly colored.
  The specification for the AIS-SART are currently being developed by the AIS work group in IEC, TC80. A draft specification is planned to be published in the 4.quarter of 2008.